A support structure for a heating or cooling system 1 comprising a support layer (3, 6, 7) with a plurality of projections 7 positioned in a grid to form first and second channels 5, to accommodate thermal elements 2 on one side of the layer and a viscous layer 8 on the opposite side of the support layer, wherein the viscous layer is at least 0.15mm thick. The viscous layer provides the contact between the support layer and the underlying substrate (e.g. the sub-floor in the case of an underfloor system 12, fig 4) and may transpose the elastic stress due to expansion and contraction within the system's construction, that could otherwise cause a mechanical failure, to a stress and strain within the viscous layer. The viscous layer may be non-drying and also form the adhesive layer. The structure may further comprise a layer of thermal insulation (13, fig. 5).
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