A shape memory alloy actuation apparatus has a support structure 2 and a lens element 20 comprising at least one lens supported on the support structure by a suspension system arranged to guide movement of the movable element along a movement direction with respect to the support structure that is inclined at a first acute angle α greater than 0 degrees with respect to the optical axis O of the lens element. At least one length of shape memory alloy actuator wire 40 is connected between the support structure and the movable element for driving movement of the movable element relative to the support structure, and is inclined at second acute angle β, greater than the first acute angle, with respect to the optical axis. The suspension system may consist of a bearing arrangement.
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