法的确定性及其相对性——从人类生活的基本事实出发

摘要

【中文摘要】法的确定性由法的外在确定性和内在确定性构成。法的外在确定性指法为人类提供秩序化的、有序性的社会生活。法的外在确定性是法的功能所在 ,是法的首要价值。这是由资源稀缺这一事实所决定的。法的内在确定性指法自身的确定性 ,包括法作为社会规范以明确性、普遍性和强制性为特征 ,以及法以行为为对象。法的内在确定性是法的外在确定性得以实现的前提。法的确定性的相对性在法的外在确定性和法的内在确定性两个方面都存在着。这是由人的需要的某种不确定性、客观世界的确定性和不确定性的并存、法实现确定性的能力的有限所决定的。法的确定性问题同时涉及了关于法律的三个元问题。【英文摘要】The certainty of law consists of external and internal certainty. External certainty of law means that the law provides orderly social life for human beings. It is main function as well as the primary value of the law. This is determined by the lack of resources. The internal certainty of law refers to the certainty of the law itself, which means that, as a social norm, the law must has the attributes of clarity, universality and enforceability and that the objects of law must be acts. The internal certaint of law is theprecondition for the realization of the external certainty of law. Both the internal and external certainty of the law are relative. This is determined by the uncertainty of human needs , the certainty and uncertainty of the objective world , and the limited capability of the law to realize certainty. The issue of the certainty of law involves simultaneously three primary issues of law.