中国科举史上的最后一榜进士

摘要

在1904年颁布《奏定学堂章程》和决定渐废科举的时代背景中,举行了中国科举史上最后一次会试与殿试。该科策问考试题目要求联系当时社会实际,为政治经济和教育改革出谋划策,说明末科会试和殿试已从古代选士考试制度向现代文官考试制度转型,已具备一定的现代文官考试性质。最后一榜进士的命运与过去各科进士不大相同,有的进士命途多舛,也有不少进士的发展则是时势造英雄。总体而言,由于末科进士出身者文化素养较好,事业起点也较高,有成就者还是多数,在政界和文化界尤为突出。[英文摘要]The last Metropolitan and Palace Examination (MPE) in the history of Imperial Examination in China was held against the background of the release of “Regulations for Presented and Ratified Schools" in 1904 and the decision to gradually abolish the Imperial Examination. The questions on policy called for direct relatedness to current social affairs and practical suggestions for the reform of politics, economy and education, which indicated that the last MPE was transforming itself from the ancient examinatio...