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An investigation of the principles and practices of seismic isolation in bridge structures

机译:桥梁结构隔震原理与实践研究

摘要

Within the past decade, seismic isolation systems have gained rapid popularity in the earthquake resistant design of bridge structures. This popularity has come in response to the inadequacy of earlier seismic design and retrofit methodologies. The mechanical shortcomings and subsequent failure mechanisms associated with the early elastic seismic design philosophy are first presented, followed by a study of the applicability of seismic isolation systems in bridge structures. This investigation includes a discussion of the susceptibility of simple span bridges to seismic failure, an overview of the behavior of base isolated structures, a detailed description of isolation system components, an explanation of the mechanics of elastometric isolation bearings, and a presentation of the linear theory of seismic isolation. The qualitative investigation of seismic isolation systems is supplemented by a quantitative nonlinear time-history analysis that illustrates the response of a simple span bridge to seismic excitation. The analysis examines the effects of the varying stiffness of a lead-rubber elastometric bearing upon structural response when subjected to the 1940 El Centro earthquake. The results confirm the expected behavior of isolated structures and emphasize the need for site-specific studies in the design of effective seismic isolation systems for bridge structures.
机译:在过去的十年中,隔震系统在桥梁结构的抗震设计中迅速普及。这种流行是由于早期地震设计和改造方法的不足而引起的。首先介绍了与早期弹性抗震设计理念相关的机械缺陷和后续破坏机理,然后研究了隔震系统在桥梁结构中的适用性。这项研究包括对简单跨度桥梁对地震破坏的敏感性讨论,基础隔震结构的性能概述,隔震系统组件的详细说明,弹性隔离轴承的力学解释以及线性模型的表示。隔震理论。地震隔离系统的定性研究辅以定量的非线性时程分析,该分析说明了简单跨距桥对地震激励的响应。该分析检查了铅橡胶弹性轴承在1940年El Centro地震中变化的刚度对结构响应的影响。研究结果证实了隔震结构的预期性能,并强调了在设计桥梁结构有效隔震系统时需要进行针对特定地点的研究。

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