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Fast interceptor of a dynamic object

机译:动态对象的快速拦截器

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摘要

This thesis presents a path planning and control strategy that enables an unmanned non-holonomic vehicle to intercept a fast moving object. The path planning is performed under model uncertainty, with respect to the vehicle's maneuverability, as well as uncertainty in the estimation of the object's future trajectory and position. This problem involves the tracking of the dynamic object in a cluttered environment and the accurate estimation of its future position in the presence of noisy measurements. The ground vehicle (interceptor) is required to intercept the dynamic object at a predicted (catch) location in a finite amount of time. This time restriction presents quite a challenge given the inherent limitation in the vehicle's steering and maneuverability. The solution strategy is divided into three sub-problems: 1) prediction, 2) path planning and 3) control. The prediction of the parameters that describe the dynamic's object in space is accomplished via Kalman Filtering which, in conjunction with an impact predictor, provide the waypoints needed to construct a reference path that will place the interceptor on a collision course with the dynamic object (target.) A pure pursuit algorithm was used to steer the interceptor along a reference trajectory, which was designed to make the vehicle engage the dynamic object on a near tail-on aspect. In the endgame, the pure pursuit algorithm was modified to ensure arrival to the catch point while a position controller was added to ensure timely arrival to the predicted catch location. The problem statement was then augmented to include obstacle avoidance.
机译:本文提出了一种路径规划和控制策略,该策略使无人驾驶的非完整车辆能够拦截快速移动的物体。路径规划是在模型不确定性(相对于车辆的可操纵性)以及不确定对象的未来轨迹和位置的估计中执行的。这个问题涉及在杂乱的环境中跟踪动态对象,以及在存在噪声测量的情况下准确估算其未来位置。要求地面车辆(拦截器)在有限的时间内在预测(捕获)位置拦截动态对象。鉴于车辆转向和机动性的固有限制,这种时间限制提出了相当大的挑战。解决方案策略分为三个子问题:1)预测,2)路径规划和3)控制。通过卡尔曼滤波可以完成描述空间中动态物体的参数的预测,该算法与碰撞预测器结合使用,可以提供构建参考路径所需的航点,该参考路径会将拦截器置于与动态物体(目标。)一种纯粹的追踪算法用于沿参考轨迹操纵拦截器,该参考轨迹旨在使车辆在接近尾随的状态下与动态物体接合。在最终游戏中,对纯追踪算法进行了修改,以确保到达捕获点,同时添加了位置控制器,以确保及时到达预测的捕获位置。然后,对问题的陈述进行了扩充,以包括避障。

著录项

  • 作者

    Cafarelli Sergio A;

  • 作者单位
  • 年度 2009
  • 总页数
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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