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wavelet domain inversion and joint deconvolution/interpolation of geophysical data

机译:小波域反演和地球物理数据的联合反卷积/插值

摘要

This thesis presents two innovations to geophysical inversion. The first provides a framework and an algorithm for combining linear deconvolution methods with geostatistical interpolation techniques. This allows for sparsely sampled data to aid in image deblurring problems, or, conversely, noisy and blurred data to aid in sample interpolation. In order to overcome difficulties arising from high dimensionality, the solution must be derived in the correct framework and the structure of the problem must be exploited by an iterative solution algorithm. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated first on a synthetic problem involving satellite remotely sensed data, and then on a real 3-D seismic data set combined with well logs. The second innovation addresses how to use wavelets in a linear geophysical inverse problem. Wavelets have lead to great successes in image compression and denoising, so it is interesting to see what, if anything, they can do for a general linear inverse problem. It is shown that a simple nonlinear operation of weighting and thresholding wavelet coefficients can consistently outperform classical linear inverse methods in terms of mean-square error across a broad range of noise magnitude in the data. Wavelets allow for an adaptively smoothed solution: smoothed more in uninteresting regions, less at geologically important transitions.
机译:本文提出了地球物理反演的两项创新。第一个提供了将线性反卷积方法与地统计插值技术相结合的框架和算法。这允许稀疏采样的数据来帮助图像去模糊问题,或者相反,嘈杂和模糊的数据来帮助样本内插。为了克服高维带来的困难,必须在正确的框架中得出解决方案,并且必须通过迭代解决方案算法来利用问题的结构。首先在涉及卫星遥感数据的综合问题上证明该方法的有效性,然后在结合测井曲线的真实3D地震数据集上证明了该方法的有效性。第二项创新解决了如何在线性地球物理反问题中使用小波。小波在图像压缩和去噪方面已经取得了巨大的成功,因此有趣的是,它们可以解决一般的线性逆问题。结果表明,就数据的宽范围噪声幅度而言,就均方误差而言,加权和阈值小波系数的简单非线性运算可以始终优于经典线性逆方法。小波提供了一种自适应平滑的解决方案:在无趣的区域中进行更多的平滑处理,在重要的地质过渡中进行的平滑处理则更少。

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