Primer software and its applicationudin marine biodiversity studies.udIn: Winter School onudImpact of Climate Change on Indian Marine Fisheries held at CMFRI, Cochin 18.1.2008 to 7.2.2008

摘要

The PRIMER (Plymouth Routines In Multivariate Ecological Research) software was developed byudDr. Bob Clarke and Dr. Ray Gorley of Plymouth Marine Laboratory, UK (Clarke and Warwick, 1994). Thisudsoftware can perform analysis of ecological data entered in spreadsheets. It can be used for calculatingudvarious univariate biodiversity measures such as Margalef’s index, Shannon-Weiner index, Brillouin’s index,udSimpson diversity index etc. The latest version of the software (PRIMER 6) consists of a wide range ofudunivariate, graphical and multivariate routines for analysing the species/samples abundance (or biomass)udmatrices that arise in biological monitoring of environmental impact and more fundamental studies inudcommunity ecology, together with associated physico-chemical data. The methods make few, if any,udassumptions about the form of the data (‘non-metric’ ordination and permutation tests are fundamental toudthe approach) and concentrate on approaches that are straightforward to understand and explain.