Development of marine fish cell linesudand stem cell lines: applications inudmariculture and marine biodiversity

摘要

In vitro transformed/continuous marine fish cell lines areudimportant for virology, gene expression studies, cytogenetics,udas in vitro models in toxicology, transgenics, in many otherudbasic studies and in biodiversity conservation. In vitroudcell culture systems/cell lines derived from marine fish areudnecessary for isolation and characterisation of viruses andudstudies on diversity of viruses in marine environment.udThe main impetus for the development of many of theudcontinuous fish cell lines was to provide the means forudisolating and identifying viruses that are the causativeudagents of epizootics of commercially important species.udUnlike other microorganisms, which can be readily grown inudartificial nutrient medium, viruses are obligatory intracellularudpathogens and their isolation and propagation are totallyuddependent on the availability of a live host, such as permissiveudcell cultures. In addition, most viruses are host-specific andudtissue-specific, and they can only be isolated and propagatedudusing cell lines established from tissues of the same/relatedudhost species. An appropriate cell line is the most importantudlaboratory tool to grow, isolate, characterise, and identifyudpathogenic fish viruses. With few exceptions, fish viruses canudbe replicated only in fish cell cultures.