Fabrication of Polymer Solar Cells Using Aqueous Processing for All Layers Including the Metal Back Electrode

摘要

The challenges of printing all layers in polymer solar cells from aqueous solution are met by design of inks for the electron-, hole-, active-, and metallic back electrode-layers. The conversion of each layer to an insoluble state after printing enables multilayer formation from the same solvent (water). The photograph here was taken just before screen printing of the aqueous silver ink.