A study on voltage issues caused by photovoltaic installations on the low voltage grid in New Zealand residential conditions

摘要

This thesis discusses the opportunity of solar photovoltaic penetration in the New Zealand residential environment and the challenges it brings in terms of voltage quality i.e. voltage, imbalance sag and swell. It examines previous work conducted and extensions which should be investigated. The thesis analyses the voltage power quality guidelines proposed by the Electricity Authority and their validity in this new environment. The voltage issues that could be experienced in a low voltage residential network have been simulated dynamically with the use of a generic low voltage model. Solutions such as: reactive power control, batteries and a single phase micro-grid have been displayed. The validity of each solution has also been critically explored, through the use of a Strength Weakness Opportunity Threat (SWOT) analysis. The author has attempted to provide the perspective of both the customer and the distribution network operator.