The effects of gadolinium doping at calcium site on theudnormal and superconducting properties of Bi-2223 system were studied.The Gd-doped (BiPb)-2223 series of specimens, namely Batch I, II and III were sintered at three different sintering temperatures 830, 850 and 895$^{circ}$C respectively. The properties investigated are (1)the normal state resistivity with a view to study metal-to-insulatorudtransition, (2) the XRD patterns of the specimens with a view to study the relative composition of (BiPb)-2212 and (BiPb)-2223 phases and (3) the superconducting fluctuation behaviour (SFB) with a view to determine the effect of doping, if any, on the dimensionality of the fluctuation conductivity of the system. The normal state resistivity of Gd-substituted Bi-2223 specimens shows metallic, semiconducting and insulating behaviour. The $T_{mc}(R=0)$ values indicate that (BiPb)-2223 phase is responsible for the observed superconducting transitions in Batch I and Batch II specimens with Gd concentrations $x le 0.7$. This observation is further confirmed in the analysis of XRD patterns of these specimens. Gadolinium, being a magnetic impurity, has pair breaking effect nearudthe Fermi level and decreases $T_{m c}(R=0)$. The analysis of the superconducting fluctuation behaviour (SFB) shows a 2D dimensionality without any cross-over.
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机译:研究了calcium掺杂在钙位上对Bi-2223体系的反常和超导性能的影响。在三种不同的烧结温度下烧结了掺Gd(BiPb)-2223系列样品,即批次I,II和III。分别为830、850和895 $ ^ { circ} $ C。研究的特性是(1)正常态电阻率,以研究金属到绝缘体的过渡转变;(2)样品的XRD图案,以研究(BiPb)-2212和(BiPb)的相对组成)-2223相和(3)超导波动行为(SFB),目的是确定掺杂(如果有)对系统波动电导率维数的影响。 Gd取代的Bi-2223样品的常态电阻率显示出金属,半导体和绝缘行为。 $ T _ { rmc}(R = 0)$的值表示(BiPb)-2223相负责在Gd浓度$ x le 0.7 $的批次I和批次II标本中观察到的超导转变。这些样品的XRD图谱分析进一步证实了这一观察结果。 magnetic是一种磁性杂质,在费米能级附近具有成对断裂作用,并降低$ T _ { rm c}(R = 0)$。对超导波动行为(SFB)的分析显示了二维,没有任何交叉。
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