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Integration and optimisation of sensitive bolometric detectors with pulse-tube cryocoolers

机译:使用脉冲管低温冷却器集成和优化灵敏的辐射热探测器

摘要

The integration of 300 mK semiconductor bolometers and 4 K hot-electron bolometers with commercial pulse tube cryocooler (PTC) systems has been investigated. The process also involved the integration of a two-stage 4He-3He adsorption refrigerator with the PTC to produce a cryogen free sub-Kelvin system. Thermometry electronics with an onboard computer and an internet interface have been developed that allow for remote and/or automatic operation. Methods to reduce excess noise seen in the 300 mK bolometer have been investigated to demonstrate the possibility of using high sensitivity bolometric detectors in this system for astrophysics and Earth observation instruments. In order to minimise the microphonic induced noise and thermal fluctuations from the pulse tube operation an AC biasing circuit was used. The origin of excess noise components in the bolometer readout have been identified and quantified as a function of both mechanical and electrical configurations of the cold components. With the optimum configuration thermal fluctuation noise, rather than microphonic induced noise dominates, reducing the bolometer sensitivity by approximately two times compared to the same device operated in a liquid helium cooled cryostat. Clearly the performance could be improved by increasing the thermal isolation of the sorption refrigerator from the pulse tube temperature oscillations. The hot-electron bolometer behaved nominally up to 6 kHz when operated in the cryogen free cryostat. Dynamic audio frequency noise deteriorated the detector's performance above 6 kHz and has been attributed to the movement of the helium gas through the PTC's valves and orifices during its thermodynamic cycle. Restrictions of the signal analyser mean that it is unclear whether this microphonic noise is present above 1 MHz.
机译:已经研究了将300 mK半导体辐射热计和4 K热电子辐射热计与商用脉冲管低温冷却器(PTC)系统集成在一起。该过程还涉及将两级4He-3He吸附式制冷机与PTC集成在一起,以生产无致冷剂的次开尔文系统。具有车载计算机和互联网接口的测温电子设备已经开发出来,可以进行远程和/或自动操作。为了减少在300 mK辐射热测量仪中看到的多余噪声的方法,已经进行了研究,以证明在该系统中将高灵敏度辐射热检测器用于天体物理学和地球观测仪器的可能性。为了最小化由脉冲管操作引起的麦克风感应的噪声和热波动,使用了交流偏置电路。辐射热计读数中多余噪声成分的来源已根据冷组件的机械和电气配置进行了识别和量化。在最佳配置下,由热波动噪声而不是由麦克风引起的噪声占主导地位,与在液氦冷却的低温恒温器中运行的同一装置相比,辐射热计的灵敏度降低了大约两倍。显然,可以通过增加吸附制冷机与脉冲管温度振荡的热隔离来提高性能。在无制冷剂低温恒温器中运行时,热电子辐射热计的标称性能高达6 kHz。动态音频噪声会使检测器在6 kHz以上的性能下降,并且归因于氦气在热力循环过程中通过PTC阀和孔口的运动。信号分析仪的限制意味着尚不清楚此麦克风噪声是否高于1 MHz。

著录项

  • 作者

    Walker Gareth Robert;

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  • 年度 2007
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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 English
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