Конструкт національної пам’яті та його вплив на формування української культурної ідентичностіud(The construct of national memory and its influence on the formation of Ukrainian cultural identity)

摘要

У статті проаналізовано проблему конструювання національної пам’яті та формування нової українськоїudкультурної ідентичності в сучасних умовах. Автор розкриває сутність цієї проблеми через порівняльний аналіз основних понять: колективна, історична, культурна, комунікативна та віктимна пам’яті, використовуючиudконцептуальні підходи М. Гальбвакса, Я. Ассмана, П. Коннертона.ud(The article is dedicated to the research of the relevant problems in modern conditions in Ukraine. The author justifies the necessity of development of the new construct of national memory, the formation of a new unified cultural identity and a young Ukrainian political nation. The scientific research is based on the phenomenological and hermeneutic methodology, as well as on the elements of psychoanalysis. By means of comparative analysis the author analyzes the basic concepts of Western scholars regarding memoryudproblems, particularly, M. Halbwachs, J. Assmann, P. Nora, P. Konnerton and others. Most of them use the term ‘collective memory’, which was introduced into scientific circulation by M. Halbwachs. At the same time, major attention is paid to structural and functional analysis of collective memory as to a social phenomenon, and to distinguishing different types of memory, which, to some extent, influence the formation of cultural identity.udThe author identifies two main tendencies to sovle issues of national memory policy in Ukrainian society: excessiveudand insufficient. In the context of the second tendency, which lies in insufficient attention of the state and society to the national memory policy, the author analyzes specific ‘victim memory’ as a kind of peculiar collective mechanism which leads to forgetting the past events that are experienced by society as traumatic.udSociological researches argue that the history of the Ukrainian people in the twentieth century is full of traumatic events, the memory of which separates the current Ukrainian society. But Ukrainian society needs to discuss these issues in the public discourse. The events of the last three years, on the contrary, can consolidate the Ukrainian nation. So now it is very important to work on the elaboration of – common culture and societal values.)