Філософія літератури: варіант онтологічного питання ud(Philosophy of Literature: Version of the Onthological Question)

摘要

У статті розглядається характер взаємозв’язку філософії літератури як того, що зумовлює онтологічне запитування. Використовуючи онтологію Мартіна Гайдеггера, передбачаються дві фундаментальні онтологічні виміри філософії літератури: спосіб феноменологічно-антропологічного осягнення буття літератури та спосіб осягенння буття самою літературою завдяки філософському оприявленню її сущого. Підсумовується,udщо кожен варіант онтологічного питання переосмислює класичне розуміння як філософії, так і літератури, виводячи їх у нове пізнавальне поле.ud(The article deals with the nature of the relationship of philosophy and literature that actualizes an ontologicaludquestion. It specifies that philosophy and literature have long historical dialogue, but mainly a philosophy positioneduditself qualitatively different from the literature, considering the last one as less important phenomenon. The key difference between them is that philosophy operates of thinking as a way of comprehension the meaning, and literature operates of imagination as a way of production the images. Nevertheless, philosophy and literature converge in a common intention to grasp the world, but when literature creates it from the beginning, at the same time philosophy tries to understand how something already created.udPhilosophy of literature is an attempt to conceive the existence of literature, but it can be happen in a differentudways. Using of Martin Heidegger’s idea of ontology, it provides two fundamental ontological dimensions of philosophy and literature: phenomenological and anthropological understanding the existence of literature and the way of selfreflection the meaning of being by literature itself. In the first case, it is important to maintain a balance between the refined being from experience and direct human presence. As Martin Heidegger insists that every question is inevitably phenomenological and anthropological question, it is impossible to artificially distinguish between philosophy and literature. The second question is purely ontological, providing the inner voice being literature. Ontological question about the being of literature existence is a question about the being in the world, and hence of time and space.udIt is concluded that each version of the ontological question reinterprets the classic understanding of both philosophy and literature, taking them to a new cognitive field. The interdisciplinary philosophy and literature outlines a new way of philosophizing, where the power of metaphor is no less important than clarity of concept. At the same time, philosophy is a way of clarifying the nature of literature, appearance of literature in its own ontological limits.)