Učestalost raznih oblika autodestruktivnog i heterodestruktivnog ponašanja kod adolescenata i njihova karakteristična obilježja Frequency of various forms of autodestructive and heterodestrucitve behaviors in adolescents and their characteristic feature

摘要

INTRODUCTIONudThe goal of this study was to investigate the frequency of auto-destructive and heterodestructiveudbehavior in adolescents, and to investigate wether there were differencesudaccording to sex and age, as well as explore a number of factors influence the incidence ofudsuch behavior, family relationships, socio-economic relations, hereditary factors, traumaticudexperiences, personality traits of adolescents, consumption of alcohol and psychoactiveudsubstances, smoking and comorbid psychiatric disorders.udSUBJECTS AND METHODSudThe study included109 subjects, of which there were 46 male patients middle stage ofudadolescence (15,39) and 63 female patients, also middle stage of adolescence (15,87) andudwho were treated during 2009 and 2010 in a Clinical department of child and adolescentudpsychiatry, Clinical Hospital Center Osijek. The subjects were aged of 11 to 18 years.udDiagnosis were established according to DSM-IV classification of diseases. In the studyudwas included one of the parents of subjects. The study was designed as a prospective study.udSubjects fulfilled a series of self-assessment scales for assessment of their ownudaggressiveness, depression, anxiety, assessment of relations with family, relationship withudfather and to assess internalized and externalized problems. Parents of the patients wereudfulfilled self-assessment scale for the assessment of relationships within family andudunstructured questionnaire to insights into the structure and socio-economic status ofudfamily. All self-assessment scales are designed to round up one of our claims.udRESULTSudSelf-destructive forms of behavior were manifested in 46 male patients middle stage ofudadolescence and 63 female patients, also middle stage of adolescence. It is evident thatudadolescents of both sexes tend to different types of aggression, manifest a higher incidenceudof mild anxiety, a grater prevalence of moderate to severe depression and tendency toud117udsuicide and suicidal behavior. Male adolescents showed a higher degree of open aggressionudand impulsivity, female adolescents are more likely to express verbal aggression,udimpulsive behavior, self-harm by sharp objects and consumption of drugs without theudsupervision of parents. Both groups tend to consume alcohol and psychoactive substancesudand smoking. Male adolescents have more frequent suicidal thoughts and femaleudadolescents attempt suicide more often. Mental illness of the father has greater influenceudon the occurrence of auto-destructive behavior in male adolescents, while mental illness ofudthe mother has influence on both sexes. Disturbed family relationships, history of traumaticudexperiences, consumption of alcohol and psychoactive substances, abuse by peers, physicaludviolence in the family, a bad socio-economic status of the family and disruptedudcommunication with parents, were identified as a risk factors for these behaviors.udParticularly sensitive period according to the results of investigation is middle stage ofudadolescence, when adolescents are under greater influence of peers and environment.udCONCLUSIONudThe results of conducted investigation are realistic indicators of the incidence ofudautodestructivity and heterodestructivity among adolescents, as well as potential riskudfactors for their expression. The results of investigation should provide a higher level ofudcompetence of parents in identifying and planning strategies of dealing coping with thisudbehavior, to emphasize the need to improve the relationship between parents andudadolescents, as well as experts of various profiles that are responsible for the preventionudand treatment of these disorders.