Contribution à la modélisation du réseau électrique domestique en vue de la caractérisation du canal de propagation CPL

摘要

The power line grid is used for data transmission by means of the broad band power line communication systems (BPLC) The main advantage of this technologie consists in providing an existing infrastructure of wires and wall sockets that are easy to access throughout a building and offering physical data rates comparable with other existing communication technologies such as Wifi. Neverthless, the power line grid complexity, the various connected household appliances and the housing electromagnetic environnement, impact the PLC transmission perfermances.As results the housing environnement is not a controllable medium. The objective of the current thesis is to study the electromagnetic environnement of the Indoor power line network, and to model the potential impacts of both the power line grid topology and the household devices on the PLC physical layer. The existing modeling appraoches require a deduction of theirs parametres from the measurements and can not be applied generaly. We propose a new model based on circuitry approach. Its main interest consists in the simplicity of the simulation tool of power line grid which is based on series symmetric SPICE circuit integrated to SPICE library. To this aim, the characterization of the power cable, of the electrical accessories and household devices is necessay. The impedance of powered household devices is measured according to simple measurement protocol. The proposed model tackes into accoint the variation of the whole primary parameters of the electrical cable as function of frequency. An experimental characterization of the so called PLC READY test bench was carried out in terms of noise, impedance and insertion losse. The radiated elecromagnetic field during a PLC communication is measured.