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Executive and perceptual attention play different roles in visual working memory: Evidence from suffix and strategy effects

机译:执行和感知注意在视觉工作记忆中扮演着不同的角色:来自后缀和策略效果的证据

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摘要

Four experiments studied the interfering effects of a to-be-ignored ‘stimulus suffix’ on cued recall of feature bindings for a series of objects. When each object was given equal weight (Experiment 1) or rewards favored recent items (Experiments 2 and 4), a recency effect emerged that was selectively reduced by a suffix. The reduction was greater for a ‘plausible’ suffix with features drawn from the same set as the memory items, in which case a feature of the suffix was frequently recalled as an intrusion error. Changing pay-offs to reward recall of early items led to a primacy effect alongside recency (Experiments 3 and 4). Primacy, like recency, was reduced by a suffix and the reduction was greater for a suffix with plausible features, such features often being recalled as intrusion errors. Experiment 4 revealed a trade-off such that increased primacy came at the cost of a reduction in recency. These observations show that priority instructions and recency combine to determine a limited number of items that are the most accessible for immediate recall and yet at the same time the most vulnerable to interference. We interpret this outcome in terms of a labile, limited capacity ‘privileged state’ controlled by both central executive processes and perceptual attention. We suggest further that this privileged state can be usefully interpreted as the focus of attention in the episodic buffer.
机译:四个实验研究了一个被忽略的“刺激后缀”对一系列对象的特征绑定的提示调用的干扰效果。当为每个对象赋予相等的权重(实验1)或奖励最近的项(实验2和4)时,会出现新近度效果,该效果会被后缀选择性地减少。对于具有与记忆项目相同集合的特征的“合理”后缀,减少幅度更大,在这种情况下,后缀的特征经常被召回为入侵错误。改变回报以奖励早期物品的召回导致新近度和初生效应(实验3和4)。像新近度一样,优先级减少了后缀,而对于具有合理特征的后缀,减少程度更大,这些特征通常被称为入侵错误。实验4显示了一个折衷方案,即以增加新近度为代价来降低新近度。这些观察结果表明,优先级指令和新近度相结合,可以确定数量有限的项目,这些项目最容易立即召回,但同时最容易受到干扰。我们将这种结果解释为由中央执行程序和知觉控制所控制的不稳定,能力有限的“特权国家”。我们进一步建议,该特权状态可以有用地解释为情节缓冲区中的关注焦点。

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