Einfluss der Mutterschutzimpfung gegen Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae auf den Impfschutz der Ferkel

摘要

Enzootic Pneumonia primarily caused by Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is a reason for high economic losses in pig production worldwide. In most herds, the vaccination of piglets with one-shot or two-shot Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccines is used as a prophylaxis against enzootic pneumonia. The influence of maternal antibodies on the effect of the vaccines is discussed controversially.The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the Stellamune®Mycoplasma (Two-Shot) and StellamuneOne® (One-Shot) (Pfizer) against Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae on the performance of the piglets and to evaluate the influence of maternal antibodies. Furthermore sow colostrum was tested with an ELISA (HerdCheck M.hyo, IDEXX) as an alternative test for the detection of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae antibodies. The present study was done in a herd of sows with a growing unit, which was followed up on a fattening farm. The trials were done from December 2002 to June 2004.In the present study 254 sows and 423 piglets were included. These were divided into five treatment groups: group 1: vaccinated sows/ one-shot-vaccinated piglets; group 2: vaccinated sows/two-shot-vaccinated piglets; group 3: non vaccinated sows/ one-shot-vaccinated piglets; group 4: non-vaccinated sows/ two-shot-vaccinated piglets; group 5: non-vaccinated sows/ non-vaccinated piglets. After vaccination of 148 sows 147 of them had seroconverted three weeks a.p.. Piglet antibody concentrations from the vaccinated and non vaccinated sows one week p.n. showed that the sow vaccination induces a high concentration of maternal antibodies in piglets. Sow vaccination did not interfere with the humeral antibody response after piglet vaccination. At the age of 20 weeks no significant differences in humeral immune response were found in groups of vaccinated piglets. The non vaccinated piglet group showed significantly lower values than the four vaccinated piglet groups. All vaccinated piglet groups showed significantly better lungscores than the unvaccinated group. A significant difference was also found between the groups with one-shot-vaccinated piglets. he group of non-vaccinated sows showed a significantly better lungscore. This could be an indication for the interference of high amounts of maternal antibodies on the effect of the StellamuneOne® vaccine. In 105-day-old pigs no significant differences were evaluated on the average daily weight gain. The different vaccination schemes had no influence on the body weight until the pre-fattening period. Examing sow colostrums at a dilution of 1:10 with an ELISA had a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 55%, seemed to be an appropriate method to exclude Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infections in the herd. In conclusion the vaccination of piglets in this herd in this herd with the Stellamune®Mycoplasma and StellamuneOne® against Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae improved the pulmonary health and had no negative influence on the production of humeral antibody values.