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Going Forward by Looking Backwards on the Environmental Kuznets Curve: an Analysis of CFCs, CO2 and the Montreal and Kyoto Protocols

机译:通过回顾环境库兹涅茨曲线前进:对氟氯化碳,二氧化碳和蒙特利尔和京都议定书的分析

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摘要

The success of the Montreal Protocol in comparison to the stagnation seen in negotiations surrounding the Kyoto Protocol highlights the importance of a supportive industry group, pre-existing legislation and commitment by a lead nation, affordable and available substitutes, as well as acceptance of the underlying scientific explanation of the link between emissions and a key detrimental impact. The focus on these contrasting intergovernmental agreements within this paper is driven, in part, by the intention to establish that successful emission reductions tend to be associated with a concerted policy effort rather than the level of per capita income. This is in contrast to the concept of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) which contends that a significant negative relationship exists between high levels of national income and per capita emissions. While a nation\u92s level of development and national income are likely to be linked to an ability to make structural changes and/or the implementation of environmental policy, this paper finds no evidence of an EKC consistent quadratic relationship between income and CFC emissions once key considerations, such as biased estimations and policy effort, have been accounted for.
机译:与围绕《京都议定书》的谈判陷入停滞相比,《蒙特利尔议定书》的成功凸显了一个支持产业集团的重要性,领先国家的既有立法和承诺,可负担得起的替代品以及对基础产业的接受对排放与关键有害影响之间的联系进行科学解释。本文中对这些不同的政府间协议的关注部分是出于以下目的:确定成功的减排量往往与一致的政策努力而不是人均收入水平有关。这与环境库兹涅茨曲线(EKC)的概念相反,后者认为高国民收入与人均排放之间存在显着的负相关关系。虽然一个国家的发展水平和国民收入很可能与进行结构调整和/或执行环境政策的能力有关,但本文没有发现证据表明,EKC的收入与CFC排放之间存在二次关系一致考虑了诸如偏颇的估计和政策工作之类的考虑因素。

著录项

  • 作者

    Longden, Thomas;

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  • 年度 2014
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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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