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Accurate aeroacoustic measurements in closed-section hard-walled wind tunnels

机译:在闭合截面硬壁风洞中进行准确的气动声学测量

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摘要

Noise emissions from aircraft are of major concern to aircraft manufacturers. There are various analytical, empirical and numerical tools to help in the design of quieter aircraft, however aeroacoustic measurements in wind tunnels are still required. There is a growing interest in simultaneous aerodynamic and aeroacoustic measurements in hard-walled closed-section wind tunnels. The research hypothesis of this work is whether accurate aeroacoustic measurements are possible in this type of wind tunnel. Two issues are of particular concern: the reverberation sound field and high background noise levels. De-reverberation, based on an Image Source Model (ISM), is proposed to tackle the first issue by incorporating the reflections in the focused beamformer. This technique is computationally fast and easy to implement. Source Power Integration and deconvolution techniques are shown to be still valid in de-reverberation. Measurements in a closed section wind tunnel have shown that an ISM gives a better estimate of the Green's functions, when compared to free-space Green's functions. Furthermore de-reverberation yielded more accurate source strength estimates from the beamformer. Qualitatively, de-convolved results were no different than when using free-space Green's functions. Simulations have shown that the ISM can become unstable at high frequencies if position errors are present. It is therefore recommended to limit the application of the ISM to frequencies below 10 kHz. At low frequencies the accuracy of beamforming levels is highly dependent on the level of noise contamination of the input data. Removing the diagonal of the cross spectral matrix might not be sufficient to eliminate this noise.
机译:飞机制造商主要关注飞机的噪声排放。有多种分析,经验和数值工具可帮助设计更安静的飞机,但是仍然需要在风洞中进行空气声学测量。在硬壁封闭截面风洞中同时进行空气动力学和空气声测量的兴趣日益浓厚。这项工作的研究假设是,在这种类型的风洞中是否可能进行精确的空气声测量。两个问题特别令人关注:混响声场和高背景噪声水平。提出了一种基于图像源模型(ISM)的去混响技术,通过将反射合并到聚焦波束形成器中来解决第一个问题。该技术计算快速且易于实现。信号源功率积分和去卷积技术在去混响中仍然有效。在封闭断面风洞中的测量表明,与自由空间格林函数相比,ISM可以更好地估计格林函数。此外,去混响从波束形成器获得了更准确的源强度估计。定性地,去卷积的结果与使用自由空间格林函数时没有什么不同。仿真表明,如果存在位置误差,ISM可能会在高频下变得不稳定。因此,建议将ISM的应用限制为低于10 kHz的频率。在低频下,波束成形水平的精度高度取决于输入数据的噪声污染水平。去除交叉谱矩阵的对角线可能不足以消除这种噪声。

著录项

  • 作者

    Fenech Benjamin A.;

  • 作者单位
  • 年度 2009
  • 总页数
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 {"code":"en","name":"English","id":9}
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