In Spain, the high levels of inexperienced workers and the long chains of subcontracting contribute to the poor quality of dwellings.\udAlthoughthe\udLey reguladora de la subcontratación en el Sector de la Construcción\ud(subcontracting law) has established quality measures, the\udnumber of customer complaints is still increasing. In this paper, a total of 2,351 posthandover defects derived from four Spanish builders and\udseven residential developments are classi\udfi\uded according to their source and origin. The research reveals that the most common defects identi\udfi\uded\udby customers at posthandover were derived from bad workmanship and were related to construction errors and omissions. Typical defects were\udfoundtoincludeincorrectinstallation,appearancedefects,andmissinganitemortaskmainlyrelatedto\udfi\udnishingandconsideredtobeminor.No\uddefects were caused by poor design because they are mainly detected and resolved during construction or become apparent after some years of\uduse. This study demonstrates the negative impact of redoing defective work during the\udfi\udnal stages of construction and provides knowledge to\udde\udfi\udne measures to improve the quality of the\udfi\udnished buildings, such as understanding customer expectations and preferences, training\udprograms for workers, specialization of subcontractors, and tightening external controls prior to handover.
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