Biodiesel Production from Rubber Seed Oil with Trans-esterification Process

摘要

Diesel fuel needs are increasing with the depletion of petroleum reserves demanded to undertake the manufacture of alternatives fuels, one of which is biodiesel. Biodiesel fuel and fuel adiditive are derived from organic, renewable feed stocks. Rubber seed oil is one type of vegetable oil that can be processed into biodiesel. This rearch is conducted the trans-esterification process with variable mole ratio and reaction time. The first stage is the esterification process in order to reduce FFA level contained in the rubber seed oil to ≤ 2 %. Ester which has been produced is processed into biodiesel by trans-esterification process using methanol solvent and KOH. The process of reacting ester and 50 ml of a 0.44 gr KOH (1% from the weight of ester) in a three-neck flask heated using water batch with temperature at 600C and stirring speed 600 rpm. Variable used is mole variation, 1:4, 1:5 and 1:6 and the reaction time variations are 60, 120, and 180 minutes. Reaction products which has been formed is precipitated about + 24 hours to separate the biodiesel with glycerol, and then washed it with water that has been heated by 10% of the total volume of biodiesel and separated again by using a funnel separator + 24 hours. Biodiesel obtained was distilled to evaporate residual catalyst, soap and water. The quality of biodiesel was tested in the laboratory of Technology Oil Gas and Coal Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Gadjah Mada University. The results were obtained clear yellow biodiesel and glycerol as the other result. Optimal conditions obtained in the mole ratio variation is 1:5 with the results of biodiesel volume 48 ml, and the optimal condition at 60 minutes reaction time, the biodiesel volume produced is 96 % v. ududKey Words: Biodiesel, rubber seed oil, trans-esterification,