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Vertebrate sex-determining genes play musical chairs

机译:脊椎动物的性别决定基因在演奏音乐椅

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摘要

Sexual reproduction is one of the most highly conserved processes in evolution. However, the genetic and cellular mechanisms making the decision of whether the undifferentiated gonad of animal embryos develops either towards male or female are manifold and quite diverse. In vertebrates, sex-determining mechanisms range from environmental to simple or complex genetic mechanisms and different mechanisms have evolved repeatedly and independently. In species with simple genetic sex-determination, master sex-determining genes lying on sex chromosomes drive the gonadal differentiation process by switching on a developmental program, which ultimately leads to testicular or ovarian differentiation. So far, very few sex-determining genes have been identified in vertebrates and apart from mammals and birds, these genes are apparently not conserved over a larger number of related orders, families, genera, or even species. To fill this knowledge gap and to better explore genetic sex-determination, we propose a strategy (RAD-Sex) that makes use of next-generation sequencing technology to identify genetic markers that define sex-specific segments of the male or female genome.
机译:有性生殖是进化过程中最高度保守的过程之一。然而,决定动物胚胎的未分化性腺向雄性还是雌性发育的遗传和细胞机制是多种多样的。在脊椎动物中,决定性别的机制从环境机制到简单或复杂的遗传机制不等,并且不同的机制已经反复独立地演化。在具有简单遗传性别决定的物种中,位于性染色体上的主要性别决定基因通过启动发育程序来驱动性腺分化过程,最终导致睾丸或卵巢分化。迄今为止,在脊椎动物中几乎没有鉴定性别的基因,除了哺乳动物和鸟类,这些基因在许多相关的订单,科,属甚至物种中显然都不保守。为了填补这一知识空白并更好地探索遗传性别决定,我们提出了一种策略(RAD-Sex),该策略利用下一代测序技术来鉴定定义男性或女性基因组性别特定片段的遗传标记。

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