Central nervous system involvement in dengue viral infection

摘要

Neurological manifestations of dengue infection are rare. This review includes data regarding the epidemiology of the disease, neurological manifestations,pathogenesis, diagnosis and prognosis. It is based on 9 original articles and 10 case reports, adding up to 200 cases of dengue fever with neurological manifestations. Relevant cases have been reported from Asia, the Pacific rim, the Americas, the Mediterranean region, and Africa. A wide range of neurological manifestations has been reported. Altered consciousness and seizure are among the more common manifestations. The exact pathogenesis of this disease has not yet been established. However, recent studies hypothesize that the virus is neurotropic. Detection of igM in CSF using ELISAhas a high specificity. Most patients usually recover fully, but some develop neurological sequelae. Mortality ranges from 5-22% across the published literature. Dengue fever should be included in the differential diagnosis of a person presenting with fever and neurological symptoms. This becomes especially important in endemic areas or duringepidemics in other areas.