The paper discusses needs, possibilities and directions of the transformation of the state financial assistance to students. The problem should be appraised in the context of the financial reform of the entire educational system, and the financing of institutions of higher education in particular. The difficult economic position of Poland, on one hand, encourages reforms of the state financial assistance to students, on the other side however, it hampers prompt and fundamental reforms. Every financial reform at the institutions of higher education is based on the fundamental assumption, that the real amount of the resources allocated to such institutions will not be decreased but will be raised. The second condition involves participation of all parties in the discussion concerning the desired directions of the transformation of the financial system and of the consensus development. The basic question to be resolved is the possibility of cutbacks in the indirect assistance to students for the sake of the direct assistance and the possible increase of loans at the expense of some types of grants, in particular. The Author explains different forms of loans, out of which only direct state loans can be currently depleted in Poland. Experiences of the Western European countries are utilized in these considerations.
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