Effets de l'irradiation alpha sur les propriétés physico-chimique de verres silicatés : Etude des propriétés mécaniques, structurales et de la durabilité chimique

摘要

Borosilicate glasses are intended to be used for the long-term confinement of high-level nuclear wastes. Alpha particles from the minor actinides induce modifications of the glass structure which could deteriorate the efficiency of the confinement. External irradiation with 1 MeV He ions and 7 MeV Au ions were performed in the SON68 glass in order to simulate effect of alpha particles and recoils nucleus. Dual beam irradiations composed by He+Au ions were also investigated in order to simulate both effects of those two kind of particles. To understand the fundamental origin in physico-chemical properties, irradiation were also carried out on a 6 oxides borosilicate glass called International Simplified Glass (ISG) and two commercially available glass Planilux and Spectrosil 2000, both from Saint-Gobain. The mechanical properties and chemical durability of each glass were studied as a function of the cumulated dose. Results show that both alpha particles and heavy ions lead to variation in hardness, reduced Young’s modulus and density. Characterization techniques such as Raman, RMN, and XPS spectroscopy were used to analyze structural modifications induced by radiations. Chemical durability of pristine and irradiated glasses was determined by monitoring the release of glass alteration elements B, Li, Si, Mo and Cs. The alteration layer was characterized by SEM imaging and EDX spectroscopy.