Analyse cartographique de la structure des paysages de vallées : évaluation de la dynamique des paysages de vallées du bassin versant de la Maine à partir de la télédétection et de SIG

摘要

The valleys of Maine Basin contain diverse landscapes subjected to multiple issues (urban sprawl, agriculturalactivities, and afforestation). The interactions between water and human activities have some variability. In orderto reveal the characteristics of the valleys, their diversity and their singularities, the research is based on thedescriptors objectives (hardware) using a multi-scale approach and reproducible. A typology of types of valleysis performed based on a morphological approach (MNT / spatial analysis) to characterize morphological formsvalleys and approach patterns of land cover (processing of images LANDSAT ETM +7) to inform the types ofland cover. The typology particularly highlights the diverse landscapes of valleys often neglected by classicapproaches. Comparing the results of this typology with the atlas reveals the importance of landscape andvalidation of type’s valleys. Monitoring changes in the valleys of Maine Basin is measured from LANDSAT TM1984 and ETM 2003, using geometrics tools (remote sensing, GIS and geo-statistical techniques). The methodsand procedures adopted in this research were the cartographic of land cover, subtraction indicators and mappingchanges. The intermediate valleys are valleys most subject to change, but, on the contrary, remarkable valleys(gorges, valleys and very steep low valleys) are the valleys less subject to change. The change detection byvalleys types emphasizes the interest combining morphological approach and the approach of land cover andthereby shows the influence the nature of reliefs to changing land cover. The confrontation the types of valleyswith landscape policies can highlight the role of stakeholders in the management of these areas. Thus, workingwith other types of data, and other areas with a finer scale can validate the results from the valleys of MaineBasin.