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Inter-particle connections development during sintering of Cr-Mo-alloyed steel powder in N2/H2 atmosphere

机译:Cr-mo合金钢粉在N2 / H2气氛中烧结过程中的颗粒间连接发展

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摘要

Powder metallurgy is one of the oldest metal processing techniques; it is a manufacturing process that is based on the production of metal, ceramic or composite components from powders. Manufacturing of ferrous powder metallurgy precision parts has increased in the last decades, in particular for automotive applications. The properties of a component manufacture by PM techniques may be tailored or improved by the addition of alloying elements; chromium and molybdenum are widely used in conventional metallurgy as alloying elements, but the tendency of chromium to form stable oxides and the decrease in compressibility it produces, have restricted its use in powder metallurgy. However, low chromium alloyed steels meet all the requirements for most structural components and for the market needs, so research and development of these steels is being carried out nowadays. In this study, specimens of the same composition (pre-alloyed water atomized powder of low Cr-Mo content) were sintered in a 90N2/10H2 atmosphere during 3 minutes and at different temperatures from 700°C to 1120°C. Two additional samples were sintered at 1120°C during 15 and 30 minutes each. Impact test was performed in all the specimens in order to produce fracture surfaces, which were studied using High Resolution Scanning Electron Microscopy (HRSEM) and EDX analysis. Microstructural investigation was carried out as well. The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of the sintering temperature and time on both the inter-particle necks development and the inclusions evolution. It was found that Inter-particle necks development is enhanced with sintering temperature and time and that the reduction of the Fe-oxide layer on the powder particles is a pre-condition for the formation of solid metallic contacts. Furthermore, different failure mechanisms were found with increasing sintering temperature. It was also found that the morphology and size of the inclusions change with increasing sintering temperature and time.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
机译:粉末冶金是最古老的金属加工技术之一。它是一种基于粉末生产金属,陶瓷或复合部件的制造工艺。在过去的几十年中,黑色粉末冶金精密零件的制造有所增加,特别是在汽车领域。通过添加合金元素,可以定制或改善通过PM技术制造的零件的性能;铬和钼广泛地用作常规冶金中的合金元素,但是铬形成稳定氧化物的趋势以及所产生的压缩性降低,限制了其在粉末冶金中的使用。但是,低铬合金钢满足大多数结构部件和市场需求的所有要求,因此如今正在对这些钢进行研究和开发。在这项研究中,相同成分的样品(低Cr-Mo含量的预合金化水雾化粉末)在90N2 / 10H2气氛中,在700°C至1120°C的不同温度下烧结3分钟。另外两个样品分别在1120°C下烧结15和30分钟。为了产生断裂表面,对所有样品进行了冲击试验,使用高分辨率扫描电子显微镜(HRSEM)和EDX分析对其进行了研究。还进行了微结构研究。这项研究的目的是评估烧结温度和时间对颗粒间颈发展和夹杂物演变的影响。已经发现,随着烧结温度和时间的增加,颗粒间颈的发展得到增强,并且粉末颗粒上的Fe-氧化物层的还原是形成固体金属接触的前提。此外,随着烧结温度的升高,发现了不同的失效机理。还发现夹杂物的形态和尺寸随烧结温度和时间的增加而变化。------------------------------ -------------------------------------------------- -------------

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