L’île et l’avion : de la contrainte technique aux choix économiques des îles touristiques de l’océan Indien (Réunion, île Maurice, Seychelles, Maldives)

摘要

Air transport has become determining in the international opening of island territories remote from outgoing tourism markets. The improvement of accessibility allowed the apparition of new destinations and we notice, during their stake in tourism, similarities concerning the policies organized by States. But we observe a complex situation today with varying degrees flows of international tourists and travels of the islanders. Air transport so became a tool of opening more or less strongly appropriated by States and island possessions, and which they more or less put in the service of the tourism development. To these issues is added the question of the strategies of airline companies in a context of internationalization of their model and aggravated competition. The proposed analysis of the studied spaces (Maldives, Seychelles, Mauritius and Reunion Island) allows to put the milestones of a typology of the links between air access and tourism and propose three types of destinations which tourism performances and strategies are different.