Amino-​calixarene-​modified graphitic carbon as a novel electrochemical interface for simultaneous measurement of lead and cadmium ions at picomolar level

摘要

Amino-​calixarene-​derivatized graphitic carbon electrode has been used in the simultaneous quantification of lead and cadmium ions at picomolar level. The graphitic carbon has been chem. modified using amino-​calixarene as an indicator mol. through microwave irradn., and it has been characterized by NMR, mass, and Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. The proposed sensor has shown linearity in the concn. range 10-​120 pM with detection limits of 3.3 and 3.5 pM for lead and cadmium, resp. The proposed sensor has been successfully applied to quantify lead and cadmium levels in battery effluents, alloy materials, and sewage water sample matrixes. The results obtained by the proposed sensor are in agreement with the results of the std. protocols.