A newer method of freeze concentration, progressive freeze concentration (PFC) was used on glucose solution as simulated wastewater to concentrate and treat it. PFC is hoped to be able to compensate for the disadvantages of the conventional suspension freeze concentration. In PFC, ice crystals were formed as a layer on the designed heat exchanger surface instead of in a suspension. In this particular research, a helical structured copper crystallisation chamber was designed and fabricated. The effect of three operating conditions on the performance of the newly designed crystallisation chamber was then investigated, which are the initial circulation flowrate, concentration of solution and coolant temperature. The performance of the design was evaluated by the effective partition constant, K, calculated from the volume and concentration of the solid and liquid phase. The system was also monitored by a data acquisition tool in order to see the temperature profile throughout the process. On completing the experimental work, it was found that higher flowrate resulted in a lower K, which translated into high efficiency. The efficiency is the highest at 1000 ml/min. It was also discovered that the initial concentration of solution highly affected the purity of the final ice crystals formed. The process also gives the highest efficiency at a coolant temperature of –6 °C.
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机译：在葡萄糖溶液上使用了一种新型的冷冻浓缩方法，即渐进式冷冻浓缩法（PFC）作为模拟废水进行浓缩和处理。希望PFC能够弥补常规悬浮液冷冻浓缩的缺点。在PFC中，冰晶在设计的热交换器表面上而不是在悬浮液中形成为一层。在这项特殊的研究中，设计并制造了螺旋结构的铜结晶室。然后研究了三种操作条件对新设计结晶室性能的影响，即初始循环流量，溶液浓度和冷却剂温度。设计的性能由有效分配常数K评估，有效分配常数K由固相和液相的体积和浓度计算得出。该系统还通过数据采集工具进行监控，以查看整个过程中的温度曲线。在完成实验工作后，发现较高的流量导致较低的K，这转化为高效率。效率最高，为1000 ml / min。还发现溶液的初始浓度极大地影响了最终形成的冰晶的纯度。在冷却液温度为6°C的情况下，该过程还具有最高的效率。
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