Regular Physical Exercise as a Strategy to Improve Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Status: Benefits in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

摘要

Over the last 30 years the combination of both a sedentary lifestyle and excessive food availability has led to a significant increasein the prevalence of obesity and aggravation of rates of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Several linesof scientific evidence have been demonstrating that a low level of physical activity and decreased daily energy expenditure leadsto the accumulation of visceral fat and, consequently, the activation of the oxidative stress/inflammation cascade, which underliesthe development of insulin resistant T2DM and evolution of micro, and macrovascular complications. This paper focuses on thepathophysiological pathways associated with the involvement of oxidative stress and inflammation in the development of T2DMand the impact of regular physical exercise (training) as a natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory strategy to prevent evolutionof T2DM and its serious complications.