Chitosan/bioactive glass nanoparticle composite membranes for periodontal regeneration

摘要

Barrier membranes are used in periodontal applications with the aim of supporting periodontal regenerationby physically blocking migration of epithelial cells. The present work proposes a combination ofchitosan (CHT) with bioactive glass nanoparticles (BG-NPs) in order to produce a novel guided tissueand bone regeneration membrane, fabricated by solvent casting. The CHT/BG-NP nanocomposite membranesare characterized in terms of water uptake, in mechanical tests, under simulated physiologicalconditions and in in vitro bioactivity tests. The addition of BG-NPs to CHT membranes decreased themechanical potential of these membranes, but on the other hand the bioactivity improved. The membranescontaining the BG-NPs induced the precipitation of bone-like apatite in simulated body fluid(SBF). Biological tests were carried out using human periodontal ligament cells and human bone marrowstromal cells. CHT/BG-NP composite membranes promoted cell metabolic activity and mineralization.The results indicate that the CHT/BG-NP composite membrane could potentially be used as a temporaryguided tissue regeneration membrane in periodontal regeneration, with the possibility to induce boneregeneration.