Studies on the Specialized Farming (Truck Farming) : (1) The Factors of Forming Specialzied Farming and the Analyesis of Development Process.

摘要

We investigated the specialized farming for vegetables, fruits and industrial crops in Tokyo and six prefectures and analyzed its forming factors, development process and the present conditions. The results of our investiation are summarized as follows. I On the causative factors in the specialized farmings; (1) The formation of the specialized farmings is stimulated by the common incentive of management improvement, some factors working firmly and others collectively. (2) The chief characteristic of the specialized farming is that in the newly development districts the Extention Work and an Agricultural Experimental Station are working social factors, while in the old traditional districts special persons are working as personal factors, and they are closely connected with the formation of speialized farmings. (3) It is observed that natural factors affect more powerfully than other factors for the formation of specialized farmings. (4) In the recently formed specialized farmings, in most cases, vegetable fruit crops are being produced with the aid of new techniques and in these cases. the close cooperation between the farmers and the leading agencies is remakable. II On the development process and the present conditions; (1) Completion Types (a) Generally the competion types are very few in number. (b) In some specialized farmings, marginal area is secured with due consideration for rational rotation and labour distridution, and these types are proved to be the best types for bringing up the specialized farmings. (2) Expansion Types (a) The expansion types are those which are now in process of development, and we can not expect that these types will become completion types or the stationary types or declining types in the future. (d) The expansion types are observed in the comparatively new specialized farmings and in some old specialized farmings, and most of them have close connection with the leading agencies. (c) The types which declined in the past and are now expanding again are affected by the adoption o