Looking on English and German banking in the French mirror: Banking and development in France (1880-1913)

摘要

This paper aim to prove positive correlations between local banking, industry, innovation, and growth in the French classical period (1880-1913). Empirical works on GDP per capita growth gives positive correlation with local banking indicator. The relation is all the more strong since local banking tied on non agricultural economies. Thus, we open the black box and give evidence of local banking connection with innovation. We set the proof through panel data analysis on a spacial basis. Regard to so called German and English banks performances, local knowledge looks like a key point of industrialization, at least in the French experience.