Forme et fonction d'un réseau : cas de la voirie urbaine de desserte locale

摘要

Based upon "network theory" and different behavioral theories and models, the present research tries to carry out influences that the "morphology" of a street network may have on its own function (traffic speed). For this purpose, several Parisian districts are first selected according to different criteria :homogeneity of the traffic as far as movings are concerned ; lack of some practices interfering with traffic ; availability of detailed traffic data ; etc. Thesedistricts are cut into basic street sections, supposed "morphologicaly homogeneous". Each section is then characterized by a great deal ofmorphological variables on one hand, an average speed of traffic on the other ; this speed is calculated by identifying moving vehicles on aerial photographstaken every six seconds. The Correspondence Analysis method is finally applied to the street sections sample, which appears to be very structured. We interpret this phenomenon as a series of statistical links between traffic speed and severalof the above mentionned morphological variables.