Performance of Tungsten-Based Materials and Components Under ITER and DEMO Relevant Steady-State Thermal Loads

摘要

In nuclear fusion devices the surfaces directly facing the plasma are irradiated withhigh energy fluxes. The most intense loads are deposited on the divertor located atthe bottom of the plasma chamber, which has to withstand continuous heat loadswith a power density of several MW·m−2 as well as transient events. These are muchshorter (in the millisecond and sub-millisecond regime) but deposit a higher powerdensities of a few GW·m−2. The search for materials that can survive to those severeloading conditions led to the choice of tungsten which possesses advantageous attributessuch as a high melting point, high thermal conductivity, low thermal expansion andan acceptable activation rate. These properties made it an attractive and promisingcandidate as armor material for divertors of future fusion devices such as ITER andDEMO...