Analisis daya dukung kelembagaan perkebunan kelapa sawit untuk meningkatkan daya saing dan keberlanjutan bisnis (studi kasus: pt.mitra inti sejati plantation di propinsi kalimantan barat)ud

摘要

The growth of oil palm plantation industry has resulted in important economic benefits, but in the last few years, oil palm plantation has been plagued by constant pressure from NGOs and companies in Europe. Oil palm plantations are faced with many issues that are very harmful, such as: deforestation, environmental pollution, destruction of biological diversity, the extinction of various protected flora and fauna, to the deprivation of the rights of local residents. Therefore, movement to build a sustainable palm oil industry that takes into account the principles of environmental sustainability is urgent. One of the efforts undertaken by the government to ensure the sustainability of Indonesian palm oil industry, is the issuance of Ministerial Regulation No. 19 Year 2011 on Guidelines for Sustainable Palm Oil Indonesia (Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil/ISPO). The purposes of this study were: (1) to identify existing problems in the value chain of palm oil industry, (2) to analyze the influence of the institutional support capability on the management of plasmic plantation in improving business competitiveness and sustainability in accordance with the principles and criteria of ISPO, (3) to formulate strategies to increase business competitiveness and sustainability of plasmic plantation through institutional support from the palm oil industry. udThe respondents were selected purposively, and consist of the management of PT MISP, chairman of the cooperative, chairman of the farmer groups, individual and plasmic farmer, suppliers, governments, banking and Customary Council (Dewan Adat). Data were analyzed using the SWOT analysis and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The results showed that the value chain of PT MISP started from suppliers (seeds, fertilizers, herbicides and equipment/farm machinery), Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB) Production (nucleus, plasmic and individual farmers), Village Unit Cooperatives (KUD), collectors, CPO (Crude Palm Oil) and PKO (Palm Kernel Oil) production, refining (CPO and PKO processing into finished goods), distributor of finished goods for domestic and export market and the ultimate consumer or buyer. Currently, KUD can not function as expected, due to the limited quality and quantity of human resources, lack of technology in the cultivation of oil palm, as well as access to banking institutions. udThe first priority of the formulated strategy is strengthening of KUD. Strengthening KUD is recommended to be done through guidance in the form of counseling, training and assistance to KUD management. Coaching is suggested not only be done by PT MISP, but with support by the Government of Sambas District, Office of Cooperative Sambas District, District Office Sambas Plantation, Banking Institutions, and Customary Council of Sambas District. KUD is expected to be able to perform its functions including : (a) marketing of FFB, (b) accessor for market information, and facilitator for the development of market prices and the increase of purchasing power, (c) finding alternative solutions to problems of farmers such as the provision of credit (in cooperation with banking institutions), the capital formation through savings and provision of production inputs (mainly fertilizers and herbicides), (e) conducting training, counseling and assistance to members regarding technical oil palm cultivation in accordance with the principles and ISPO criteria (especially regarding the plant treatment, fertilizer, pest and disease control, crop management and environmental aspects). By the strengthening of KUD, it is expected the business competitiveness and sustainability of the oil palm plasmic will be increased such as : (a) cheaper production costs, (b) increase in productivity of FFB and ability to meet market demand, (c) increase in the quality of FFB and achievement of profit , people, planets as contained in the principles and ISPO criteria so the selling price is higher, (d) availability of budget for replanting program.ud