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Universality in Three- and Four-Body Bound States of Ultracold Atoms

机译:超冷原子三束缚态和四束缚态的普遍性

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摘要

Under certain circumstances, three or more interacting particles may form bound states. While the general few-body problem is not analytically solvable, the so-called Efimov trimers appear for a system of three particles with resonant two-body interactions. The binding energies of these trimers are predicted to be universally connected to each other, independent of the microscopic details of the interaction. By exploiting a Feshbach resonance to widely tune the interactions between trapped ultracold lithium atoms, we find evidence for two universally connected Efimov trimers and their associated four-body bound states. A total of eleven precisely determined three- and four-body features are found in the inelastic loss spectrum. Their relative locations on either side of the resonance agree well with universal theory, while a systematic deviation from universality is found when comparing features across the resonance.
机译:在某些情况下,三个或更多个相互作用的粒子可能会形成结合态。虽然一般的单体问题无法解析解决,但所谓的Efimov三聚体出现在具有共振两体相互作用的三个粒子的系统中。预测这些三聚体的结合能相互通用连接,而与相互作用的微观细节无关。通过利用Feshbach共振来广泛调节捕获的超冷锂原子之间的相互作用,我们发现了两个普遍连接的Efimov三聚体及其相关的四体结合态的证据。在非弹性损失谱中总共发现了11个精确确定的三体和四体特征。它们在共振两侧的相对位置与通用理论非常吻合,而在比较共振中的特征时发现与通用性存在系统偏差。

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