Seasonal variations in cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and cloud droplet number concentrations associated with biological activity have been observed over the Southern Ocean and have been linked to non-sea salt (nss) sulfate and organic aerosol concentrations. Observational campaigns over the sparsely observed Southern Ocean are important to quantify nss-sulfate and sea spray aerosol (SSA) sources and reduce the uncertainty in aerosol cloud interactions.
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