Developing creative services industries in Hangzhou, China

摘要

Creativity is changing the People’s Republic of China according toudLi Wuwei (2011), a leading Chinese economist and policy advisor. Theudnation is learning to embrace a “third industrial revolution” (Rifkin, 2011)udwhile banking the economic capital of the carbon-dependent manufacturingudeconomy. Urbanisation is also driving change and consumer culture (Gerth,ud2010).ududMost of China’s high-value creative service industries are found in theudlarge urban centres of Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen in theudcoastal provinces. China’s second-tier cities, including Hangzhou inudZhejiang province, are also seeking to make capital out of culture, albeitudwith different strategies than the coastal hubs. The Hangzhou metropolitanudarea is the fourth largest in China, with 8.8 million residents. Zhejiangudprovince was once known as the “land of rice and fish.” However, with theudincreased emphasis on productivity in China’s economic reformsudsince 1978, the province became an economic heavyweight, characterisedudby small and medium-sized enterprises often working together to produceudcomplementary products...