Recent advances in wireless sensor networksud(WSNs) have led to many new promising applicationsudincluding habitat monitoring and target tracking.udHowever, data communication between nodesudconsumes a large portion of the total energy consumptionudof the WSNs. Consequently, data aggregationudtechniques can greatly help to reduce the energyudconsumption by eliminating redundant data travelingudback to the base station. The security issuesudsuch as data integrity, confidentiality, and freshnessudin data aggregation become crucial when the WSNudis deployed in a remote or hostile environment whereudsensors are prone to node failures and compromises.udThere is currently research potential in securing dataudaggregation in the WSN. With this in mind, the securityudissues in data aggregation for the WSN will beuddiscussed in this paper. Then, the adversarial modeludthat can be used in any aggregation scheme will beudexplained. After that, the "state-of-the-art" proposedudsecure data aggregation schemes will be surveyed andudthen classified into two categories based on the numberudof aggregator nodes and the existence of the verificationudphase. Finally, a conceptual framework will beudproposed to provide new designs with the minimumudsecurity requirements against certain type of adversary.udThis framework gives a better understanding ofudthose schemes and facilitates the evaluation process.
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