Sample preconcentration and matrix removal techniques for ultra-trace determinations by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ISP-MS)

摘要

This thesis describes the design and application of a laboratory-based matrixudremoval/preconcentration system using an iminodiacetate chelating ion exchangeudreagent. The chelating ion exchange reagent selectively isolates trace elements inudsolution from the matrix (macro levels of Ca, Mg, Na and various anions inudsolution) of analytical samples. This leads to reduced matrix and spectraludinterferences and improved detection limits for atomic spectrometricuddeterminations. The system is used in conjunction with a low-flow microconcentricudnebuliser and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Theudanalytical features of the system are described. These include the pH dependenceudof analyte recovery, the reproducibility and detection limits achievable by thisudtechnique.udThe system is evaluated for the determination of trace elements in bivalve shells,udmineral waters and certified water reference materials. Results of an extensiveudstudy profiling trace element constituents in bivalve shells around the Irish coastudare presented. The results provide baseline data on the impact of trace elementudpollution on the Irish marine environment. In particular, the anthropogenic impactsudof trace element pollution from the dumping of sewage sludge and dredge materialudat sea is dicussed.