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Attitude control of large gossamer spacecraft using surface reflectivity modulation

机译:利用表面反射率调制控制大型游丝航天器的姿态

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摘要

Gossamer spacecraft are ultra-lightweight structures which deploy large, thin reflective membranes. Since the on-board attitude control systems need to be high-performance, reliable and importantly lightweight, this work investigates the use of thin-film reflectivity control devices across the membrane surface for attitude control. These coating elements can modify their surface reflectivity, which modulates the solar radiation pressure acting on the surface. Consequently, the total body force and torque can be controlled 'optically' without using additional mechanical systems or thrusters. The membrane is modelled using discrete reflectivity cells (as in a dot matrix) across the surface. The elements can maintain two states: either high (power on) or low reflectivity (power off). The aim is towards finding the optimal reflectivity pattern in terms of number and combination of active cells to create a required control torque. The control problem is solved using a quaternion feedback scheme, under consideration that the system is under-actuated, since through the concept of surface reflectivity modulation presented here, torques can be created in the membrane plane only. The optical actuator is applied successfully to perform a basic spacecraft manoeuvre from an initial arbitrary attitude state towards Sun-pointing on a Sun-centred orbit.
机译:游丝航天器是超轻型结构,可部署大型薄反射膜。由于机载姿态控制系统需要高性能,可靠且重要的是轻巧,因此这项工作研究了在整个薄膜表面上使用薄膜反射率控制装置进行姿态控制。这些涂层元件可以改变其表面反射率,从而调节作用在表面上的太阳辐射压力。因此,无需使用额外的机械系统或推进器即可“光学地”控制总的车身力和扭矩。使用离散的反射率单元(如点矩阵)对整个表面进行建模。元素可以保持两种状态:高(通电)或低反射率(断电)。目的是根据有源单元的数量和组合找到最佳反射率模式,以产生所需的控制扭矩。考虑到系统驱动不足,使用四元数反馈方案解决了控制问题,因为通过此处介绍的表面反射率调制概念,只能在膜平面上产生扭矩。光致动器已成功应用于从初始任意姿态状态向太阳中心轨道上的太阳指向执行基本的航天器操纵。

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