Approches et gestion participatives, affichage et réalités. Réflexions autour des espaces protégés du Canada, d'Australie et de Nouvelle-Zélande (Participative approaches and management, publicizing and realities. Reflexions about protected spaces in Canada, Australia and New Zealand)

摘要

The paper interrogates how local communities participate in the management of protected areas in Australia, Canada and New-Zealand. It postulates that participation is primarily related to power, resulting in a reorganization of relations and of exchange processes between stakeholders, and ending in the acceptance of a repositioning of the actors within the "field of power" (as studied by Swiss geographer C. Raffestin). This study based on five protected areas shows a hierarchy of levels of participation and identifies a field of participation within which tense relationships may serve the reorganization of relations between the different stakeholder groups. This approach transcends the binary criticisms often developed about public participation.