Les dépenses d'enseignement et d'assistance en France au XIXe siècle : une réévaluation de la rupture républicaine

摘要

The cost of education and of public assistance in France (1815-1939) : a re-evaluation of the republican break. The aim of the present study is to re-evaluate the financial "break" in the realm of education and public assistance in France, a break which the rise of the Troisième République in generally though to have consummated. Such a re-evaluation essentially involves an examination of the complexity of the administrative system informing the non-commercial public sector, with all that this implies by way of internal financial movements, budgetary, transfers and private "assistance funds". The auter's calculations - which provide, along the way, estimates regarding the total sum of public expenses incurred by French territorial administrations from 1815 to 1939 - lead to reduction of the paradox between, on the one hand, what some historians have described as continuity in the process of elimination of illiteracy and in the system of public assistance throughout the period in question and, on the other hand, the more customary notion according to which the Troisième République invented education and social assistance, a notion based only on thejudical and financial orms assumed by the central State upon the Troisième Republiqueis establishment.