Les tourbières de France : répartition, caractères biogéographiques, fonctionnement écologique et dynamique, valeur patrimoniale (French Peat-bogs : localisation, biogeographic characters, ecological functionning, patrimonial value)

摘要

Mires may occur in all regions of France. The biggest areas may be found at mountainous level for shagnum-mires, and in alluvial valleys of northern half for carex-mires. The two process of mire creation, paludification and terrestrialization may occur everywhere, giving birth, according different kinds of water supply, to topogenous mires, limnogenous mires, soligenous mires and ombrogenous mires. Each mire type may change dynamically, from a geotrophous stage towards an ombrotrophous stage, which one may receive lateral income, or develop through natural or artificial drainage into a mineralized stage. Outside dynamic and hydric characters, edaphical and climatic factors are responsible of the extraordinary diversity of french mires. Situated at the margin of the optimal area of mires, mires of France have an international level of patrimonial value, which is recognized in the protection of some of them.