Le patrimoine comme passion identitaire en Bretagne : inauguration et destruction du monument de l’union de la Bretagne à la France (Rennes, 1911 et 1932)

摘要

From the middle of the nineteenth century, patrimony, memory and identity are closely linked together in Brittany. The inauguration, in 1911, of a monument created by Jean Boucher and representing the queen Anne of Brittany (personage who belongs to the Breton memory) kneeled down in front of a king of France, provoked a real patrimonial emotion that will induce to the dynamiting of the offending statue in 1932. This episode shows the importance of the links that attaches regional or national defenders of a breton identity to their history and heritage, in the Anglo-Saxon sense of these terms. In such a context, the artistic creation is never neutral but always intimately influenced by political opinions. The approval or throwing up of the work of Jean Boucher give evidence of different claiming: the defenders of regionalism try to integrate the patrimony of the small country into the one of the Great country, running the risk to fall into folklore. As for the defenders of nationalism, they try to found by force a vision established on an idealized patrimony and a revised history that they want at all costs different of the French patrimony.