Les risques volcaniques directs ou différés : exemples du Pinatubo (Philippines, 1991) et de Rabaul (Papouasie - Nouvelle-Guinée, 1994) (Direct or indirect volcanic hazards : case-studies of Pinatubo (Philippines, 1991) and Rabaul (Papua - New Guinea, 1994)

摘要

Abstract. - Two recent volcanic eruptions (Pinatubo, Philippines, 1991 and Rabaul, Papua - New-Guinea, 1994) have examplified direct and indirect volcanic hazards. These could occur immediately, during the eruption (ash fall...) or after a more or less long time span (lahars), sometimes in a distant area (tidal wave). Moreover, human occupation increases the volcanic risk as well as meteoric / climatic factors (heavy rain, wind direction). All of these risks must be taken into account by scientific teams and public responsibles.